vandercook 11 block leveler

These were used for planing the bottoms of wood mounted electrotypes and photoengravings. Wood is the worst mounting material and is often warped, or has high and low spots. This machine would bring all the high spots to .918, type high. For that matter, any printing material, like solid cast stereotypes, could be levelled in the same manner. In Theo’s use at the type foundry, this machine was/is used to plane down cast type to type high, like many European faces cast at Didot height of .928. Each line has to be locked in place, thus the chase, furniture and quoins in the pictures, then the revolving cutter head in the upper part of the machine, that moves back an forth by hand control, planes the type down. Theo told us that if a line of type worked loose, there was hell to pay and sometimes the middle of the line would lift and the planing would be uneven. He wasn’t really pleased with the net result at times. It should be pointed out that the printing surface is placed face down on the bed of the machine, and the bottom of the cut or type is in the up position. This machine would be used in conjunction with a Hacker test gauge to do premakeready for plates before going on press. The Vandercook Block Leveler is the subsequent model that was originated by Hacker and taken over by Vandercook. It was part of their push to eliminate crappy printing materials that were inaccurate that cost hours of press time in doing makereadies–part of what killed commercial letterpress.

A plate shaver, not this machine, would be used for electros to get a uniform thickness before mounting to a base–the copper shell of an electrotype is backed with poured type metal, and the resulting plate has to be shaved to the right thickness. Copper, for photoengraving, like magnesium and zinc, comes from the mill rolled to correct thickness.